Supplementary data 1. Compositions (wt.%) of pyroxenes from selected samples in the Xiaohekou complex
R.T./S.N.*	Min.	SiO2	TiO2	Al2O3	FeO	MnO	MgO	CaO	Na2O	K2O	Cr2O3	Total	Wo
(%)	En
(%)	Fs
(%)	
Pyroxenite/06XH03-2	
	Cpx	51.17	0.57	3.48	7.80	0.17	15.52	19.73	0.61	N.D.†	0.18	99.23	41	45	13	
	Opx	53.22	0.26	2.11	14.52	0.29	27.74	1.23	0.06	N.D.	0.09	99.52	2	75	23	
	Opx	52.99	0.32	1.95	14.73	0.34	27.69	1.17	0.03	0.01	0.07	99.30	2	75	23	
	Cpx	50.45	0.91	3.83	6.54	0.18	14.81	21.81	0.65	0.01	0.21	99.40	46	43	11	
	Cpx	50.80	0.97	3.79	8.40	0.17	15.93	18.25	0.65	0.01	0.22	99.19	39	47	14	
	Opx	53.17	0.25	2.13	15.15	0.26	27.38	1.02	0.01	0.03	0.09	99.49	2	74	24	
	Opx	52.88	0.33	2.14	15.33	0.32	27.18	1.14	0.04	0.03	0.07	99.46	2	74	24	
	Cpx	50.75	0.67	3.28	9.31	0.18	16.84	16.88	0.41	0.01	0.17	98.50	35	49	16	
	Cpx	50.42	0.85	3.74	7.46	0.15	15.56	19.88	0.60	0.01	0.22	98.89	42	46	13	
	Opx	53.23	0.24	1.93	14.44	0.33	27.83	1.02	N.D.	0.00	0.11	99.13	2	76	22	
	Opx	52.68	0.24	2.04	14.96	0.30	27.36	1.36	0.08	0.01	0.08	99.11	3	74	23	
	Cpx	51.58	0.51	2.95	6.69	0.12	15.24	21.69	0.61	N.D.	0.14	99.53	45	44	11	
	Cpx	49.87	0.92	3.85	7.28	0.15	14.94	20.84	0.57	N.D.	0.26	98.68	44	44	12	
	Opx	53.42	0.12	1.79	15.32	0.36	27.71	0.70	0.01	0.01	0.11	99.55	1	75	24	
	Cpx	51.84	0.26	2.66	6.82	0.16	15.19	21.34	0.65	0.00	0.08	99.00	45	44	11	
	Cpx	50.39	1.09	4.35	6.94	0.17	14.24	21.18	0.81	0.00	0.26	99.43	46	43	12	
	Cpx	50.98	0.85	3.48	6.19	0.14	15.37	20.88	0.66	0.01	0.20	98.76	44	45	10	
	Opx	53.45	0.10	1.71	14.65	0.32	27.92	1.09	0.05	N.D.	0.03	99.32	2	75	23	
	Cpx	50.60	0.94	3.88	6.91	0.14	14.84	20.97	0.63	0.13	0.26	99.30	45	44	12	
Pyroxenite/XH20-2	
	Opx	53.60	0.23	1.69	15.88	0.41	26.27	1.05	0.05	0.01	N.D.	99.19	2	73	25	
	Opx	53.35	0.30	2.10	15.88	0.40	25.41	1.64	0.05	0.00	0.01	99.14	3	71	26	
	Cpx	50.50	0.86	3.72	7.32	0.23	14.40	21.53	0.59	0.00	0.08	99.23	45	42	12	
	Cpx	52.08	0.44	2.18	5.69	0.18	15.17	22.72	0.35	0.01	0.19	99.01	47	44	9	
	Cpx	49.16	1.20	4.59	8.07	0.22	13.96	20.96	0.65	0.01	0.03	98.85	45	41	14	
	Cpx	52.25	0.32	1.79	7.38	0.28	14.46	22.54	0.44	0.00	0.03	99.49	46	41	12	
Pyroxenite/06XH02-6	
	Opx	52.76	0.33	2.26	13.72	0.25	27.84	1.79	0.07	0.00	0.07	99.09	3	75	21	
	Opx	53.20	0.24	2.51	13.66	0.29	28.86	0.46	0.03	0.01	0.05	99.31	1	78	21	
	Opx	53.12	0.07	2.25	14.33	0.29	28.01	0.99	0.06	0.02	0.01	99.15	2	76	22	
	Opx	54.62	0.03	0.51	12.55	0.23	30.69	0.33	0.00	0.01	0.05	99.02	1	81	19	
	Opx	53.56	0.08	1.67	14.15	0.26	28.25	1.06	0.08	N.D.	0.01	99.12	2	76	22	
	Cpx	52.94	0.17	1.58	6.14	0.16	15.41	22.12	0.61	0.03	0.13	99.29	46	44	10	
	Cpx	52.92	0.21	1.58	6.26	0.15	15.43	21.92	0.71	0.02	0.10	99.30	45	44	10	
Gabbronorite/06XH02-7	
	Cpx	53.16	0.14	0.93	6.57	0.21	15.31	22.59	0.45	0.00	0.10	99.46	46	43	11	
	Cpx	52.81	0.25	1.30	6.41	0.18	15.22	22.25	0.51	0.01	0.12	99.06	46	44	11	
	Cpx	50.44	0.98	4.47	5.75	0.13	15.25	20.79	0.70	0.00	0.11	98.62	45	46	10	
	Cpx	52.74	0.24	2.15	5.96	0.19	15.28	22.00	0.65	0.03	0.30	99.54	46	44	10	
	Cpx	52.54	0.25	1.93	6.24	0.16	14.89	22.65	0.54	N.D.	0.27	99.47	47	43	10	
	Core	51.55	0.46	2.99	5.50	0.13	17.16	19.98	0.44	0.01	0.98	99.20	41	49	9	
	Rim	51.83	0.43	2.33	6.11	0.15	15.16	22.17	0.51	0.01	0.43	99.13	46	44	10	
	Cpx	51.76	0.59	3.02	6.74	0.15	14.81	20.64	0.86	0.02	0.65	99.24	44	44	12	
	Inc.#	52.73	0.18	1.52	18.23	0.40	24.15	2.00	0.04	0.00	N.D.	99.25	4	67	29	
	Inc.	52.31	0.13	1.43	19.99	0.46	24.61	0.46	0.01	0.01	0.02	99.43	1	68	32	
	Cpx	52.40	0.44	2.36	6.85	0.17	14.99	21.42	0.65	0.05	0.12	99.45	45	44	11	
Gabbro/06XH01-2	
	Cpx	50.18	1.17	4.29	9.14	0.24	14.08	19.68	0.50	0.02	0.01	99.31	42	42	16	
	Cpx	49.83	1.15	4.64	7.25	0.19	13.85	21.45	0.67	0.01	0.00	99.04	46	41	12	
	Cpx	50.90	1.08	4.21	6.95	0.22	13.66	22.23	0.51	0.01	N.D.	99.77	47	41	12	
	Cpx	53.79	0.09	0.60	6.01	0.30	14.45	24.15	0.21	N.D.	N.D.	99.60	49	41	10	

Supplementary data 1. Continued
R.T./S.N.	Min.	SiO2	TiO2	Al2O3	FeO	MnO	MgO	CaO	Na2O	K2O	Cr2O3	Total	Wo
(%)	En
(%)	Fs
(%)	
Gabbronorite/XH33-3	
	Core	51.99	0.52	3.13	7.47	N.A.§	15.31	21.15	0.43	0.02	N.A.	100.02	44	44	12	
	Rim	52.91	0.41	2.66	6.93	N.A.	16.80	20.15	0.34	0.01	N.A.	100.20	41	48	11	
	Rim	51.63	0.54	2.74	8.95	N.A.	14.08	20.36	0.55	0.01	N.A.	98.84	43	42	15	
	Opx	54.13	0.20	1.48	18.39	N.A.	25.05	1.63	0.03	0.00	N.A.	100.91	3	69	28	
	Opx	53.69	0.32	1.41	18.51	N.A.	24.89	1.46	0.04	N.D.	N.A.	100.32	3	69	29	
	Opx	53.78	0.31	1.63	19.08	N.A.	24.74	1.50	0.02	N.D.	N.A.	101.05	3	68	29	
	Opx	53.79	0.39	1.51	18.81	N.A.	24.35	1.19	0.03	N.D.	N.A.	100.07	2	68	30	
	Cpx	52.01	0.49	2.50	8.85	N.A.	14.79	20.70	0.47	0.00	N.A.	99.80	43	43	14	
	Cpx	51.96	0.80	2.74	9.73	N.A.	14.80	20.04	0.49	0.01	N.A.	100.57	42	43	16	
	Core	54.62	0.18	1.24	17.84	N.A.	25.36	1.17	0.04	0.01	N.A.	100.46	2	70	28	
	Rim	53.48	0.29	1.52	19.42	N.A.	24.24	0.66	N.D.	N.D.	N.A.	99.62	1	68	31	
	Rim	52.41	0.69	2.56	8.01	N.A.	14.98	20.92	0.46	N.D.	N.A.	100.02	44	43	13	
	Core	52.34	0.67	2.66	6.56	N.A.	15.76	21.43	0.42	0.01	N.A.	99.84	44	45	11	
	Cpx	51.53	0.61	2.71	8.55	N.A.	14.82	20.76	0.47	0.00	N.A.	99.45	43	43	14	
	Cpx	51.92	0.72	2.77	8.81	N.A.	14.56	20.66	0.52	N.D.	N.A.	99.95	43	42	14	
Olivine gabbronorite dyke/XH11-5	
	Cpx	50.80	1.21	4.39	7.75	0.17	14.47	20.41	0.56	0.01	0.07	99.84	44	43	13	
	Cpx	49.75	1.25	4.35	9.73	0.21	15.93	17.83	0.45	N.D.	N.D.	99.50	37	46	16	
	Opx	53.76	0.10	1.78	15.02	0.30	27.48	1.02	0.01	N.D.	0.05	99.52	2	75	23	
	Cpx	50.10	1.34	4.75	7.67	0.13	14.07	20.56	0.58	N.D.	0.10	99.30	44	42	13	
	Cpx	50.07	1.33	4.80	7.77	0.15	14.13	20.45	0.55	0.01	0.36	99.62	44	42	13	
	Cpx	49.89	1.51	4.97	7.57	0.16	14.05	20.54	0.58	0.01	0.02	99.30	45	42	13	
	Cpx	50.93	1.22	4.31	6.82	0.24	13.79	21.52	0.56	N.D.	0.18	99.57	47	42	12	
Leucogabbro/XH44-5	
	Cpx	50.13	1.12	4.06	9.40	N.A.	13.66	20.59	0.58	N.D.	N.A.	99.54	44	40	16	
	Cpx	51.28	0.88	3.22	9.80	N.A.	13.72	20.50	0.45	0.01	N.A.	99.86	43	40	16	
	Cpx	51.54	0.62	2.73	9.63	N.A.	14.05	20.30	0.50	0.01	N.A.	99.37	43	41	16	
	Cpx	51.20	0.68	2.94	9.85	N.A.	13.81	20.54	0.41	0.00	N.A.	99.42	43	41	16	
	Cpx	50.07	1.04	3.83	8.92	N.A.	13.33	21.46	0.37	0.01	N.A.	99.03	46	39	15	
	Opx	52.44	0.33	1.60	21.02	N.A.	22.31	1.40	0.03	N.D.	N.A.	99.13	3	64	34	
	Opx	53.05	0.29	1.39	20.99	N.A.	22.57	0.90	0.02	0.02	N.A.	99.22	2	65	34	
	Opx	52.61	0.65	1.56	20.18	N.A.	23.13	1.16	0.04	0.01	N.A.	99.35	2	66	32	
Leucogabbro/XH45-4	
	Core	51.83	0.41	2.03	9.64	N.A.	14.13	20.54	0.41	0.01	N.A.	98.99	43	41	16	
	Rim	51.47	0.72	2.60	8.16	N.A.	14.71	21.08	0.37	0.01	N.A.	99.11	44	43	13	
	Rim	51.99	0.50	1.88	7.95	N.A.	15.04	21.16	0.41	0.01	N.A.	98.94	44	43	13	
	Cpx	51.58	0.82	2.97	8.04	N.A.	15.01	20.46	0.46	0.01	N.A.	99.34	43	44	13	
	Cpx	52.03	0.42	1.77	8.68	N.A.	14.46	20.89	0.35	0.00	N.A.	98.61	44	42	14	
	Cpx	51.39	0.66	2.79	10.23	N.A.	13.54	19.95	0.49	N.D.	N.A.	99.03	43	40	17	
	Cpx	51.63	0.39	1.90	8.36	N.A.	13.00	22.24	0.42	N.D.	N.A.	97.94	47	39	14	
	Cpx	51.98	0.64	2.12	8.56	N.A.	13.18	22.41	0.43	0.03	N.A.	99.35	47	39	14	
	Cpx	51.39	0.38	2.43	8.78	N.A.	12.99	22.18	0.47	N.D.	N.A.	98.62	47	38	15	
	Cpx	52.77	0.13	1.34	9.28	N.A.	13.68	21.55	0.36	0.02	N.A.	99.13	45	40	15	
	Cpx	51.83	0.69	2.78	7.74	N.A.	13.77	22.40	0.49	0.00	N.A.	99.70	47	40	13	
Monzonite/XH32-2/Phenocryst	
	Cpx	51.68	0.36	1.94	9.66	0.32	15.56	19.10	0.47	0.01	0.27	99.37	39	45	16	
	Cpx	50.51	0.65	3.53	9.25	0.24	15.10	18.80	0.70	0.04	0.81	99.63	40	44	16	
	Opx	52.18	0.20	1.99	20.82	0.48	23.02	0.61	0.07	N.D.	0.31	99.68	1	65	34	
	Opx	52.17	0.16	1.37	22.16	0.62	22.15	0.55	N.D.	0.01	0.21	99.40	1	63	36	
	Cpx	51.07	0.65	2.76	8.91	0.27	14.49	20.73	0.68	0.00	0.14	99.70	43	42	15	
	Cpx	51.90	0.65	2.55	8.78	0.25	14.03	20.59	0.60	0.01	0.00	99.36	44	41	15	
	Opx	51.91	0.15	1.23	22.87	0.76	21.63	0.95	0.04	N.D.	0.05	99.59	2	61	37	
	Cpx	51.46	0.53	2.32	8.70	0.26	13.35	21.60	0.60	0.01	0.31	99.14	46	39	15	
	Opx	52.06	0.21	1.66	23.76	0.76	20.57	0.66	0.01	N.D.	0.20	99.89	1	59	40	
Supplementary data 1. Continued
R.T./S.N.	Min.	SiO2	TiO2	Al2O3	FeO	MnO	MgO	CaO	Na2O	K2O	Cr2O3	Total	Wo
(%)	En
(%)	Fs
(%)	
Monzonite/XH32-2/Phenocryst	
	Cpx	52.26	0.52	2.14	9.28	0.24	13.71	20.76	0.64	0.04	N.D.	99.59	44	40	16	
	Cpx	51.14	0.81	1.92	9.78	0.22	13.64	21.30	0.55	N.D.	N.D.	99.36	44	39	16	
	Cpx	51.51	0.72	3.12	9.03	0.24	13.98	19.71	0.83	0.12	0.06	99.32	42	42	16	
	Opx	52.08	0.12	0.73	23.73	0.81	21.25	0.58	N.D.	N.D.	N.D.	99.30	1	60	39	
	Cpx	52.92	0.42	2.03	7.77	0.19	14.23	21.58	0.52	0.02	0.00	99.68	45	42	13	
	Opx	51.35	0.40	1.13	23.71	0.70	20.67	1.48	0.07	N.D.	0.01	99.52	3	58	39	
Monzonite/XH32-2/Matrix	
	Cpx	52.09	0.47	1.82	9.65	0.28	12.99	21.21	0.60	0.00	N.D.	99.11	45	38	16	
	Opx	52.63	0.14	0.61	24.14	0.70	20.94	0.62	0.00	N.D.	N.D.	99.78	1	59	39	
	Opx	52.74	0.26	0.80	24.25	0.65	20.72	0.52	0.03	0.02	N.D.	99.99	1	59	40	
	Opx	51.45	0.18	0.74	24.27	0.68	21.33	0.73	0.02	0.01	N.D.	99.41	1	59	39	
	Opx	51.91	0.16	0.68	23.76	0.69	21.52	0.65	N.D.	0.00	0.02	99.39	1	60	38	
	Opx	52.26	0.21	0.76	23.57	0.74	21.24	0.65	N.D.	N.D.	N.D.	99.43	1	60	39	
	Opx	52.02	0.24	0.77	23.75	0.66	21.32	1.07	0.04	N.D.	N.D.	99.87	2	60	38	
	Opx	51.92	0.13	0.56	23.91	0.76	21.12	0.96	0.02	0.03	N.D.	99.41	2	59	39	
	Cpx	52.62	0.36	1.88	9.48	0.29	13.29	21.05	0.69	N.D.	0.07	99.73	45	39	16	
	Opx	51.79	0.19	0.83	24.09	0.78	21.26	0.66	0.03	0.00	0.01	99.64	1	60	39	
Monzonite/06XH02-2	
	Cpx	51.33	0.53	2.16	10.36	0.38	12.65	21.01	0.73	N.D.	N.D.	99.15	45	37	18	
	Cpx	51.14	0.44	2.41	10.34	0.41	13.01	20.60	0.70	0.11	N.D.	99.16	44	38	18	
	Opx	51.90	0.07	0.48	24.03	0.70	21.49	0.38	0.01	N.D.	0.03	99.09	1	60	39	
	Cpx	51.61	0.52	2.64	7.96	0.26	14.32	20.48	0.80	0.06	0.48	99.13	44	43	14	
	Cpx	50.05	0.80	4.44	8.91	0.20	14.10	19.39	1.06	0.12	0.37	99.44	42	43	15	
	Cpx	48.67	1.29	6.41	11.14	0.14	14.11	15.27	1.40	0.54	0.45	99.42	35	45	20	
	Cpx	51.91	0.24	1.39	9.23	0.31	13.84	21.09	0.62	0.06	0.12	98.81	44	40	16	
	Cpx	51.27	0.40	2.15	9.08	0.25	14.05	21.28	0.58	N.D.	N.D.	99.06	44	41	15	
	Cpx	50.35	0.81	3.77	10.28	0.27	13.52	18.90	1.04	0.14	0.31	99.39	41	41	18	
	Cpx	52.25	0.23	1.65	9.34	0.34	13.59	21.37	0.51	0.05	0.07	99.40	45	40	16	
	Cpx	51.52	0.33	2.09	9.53	0.32	13.52	21.26	0.61	0.05	0.02	99.25	45	39	16	
Dioritic enclave in pyroxenite
	
	Cpx	49.82	1.33	5.03	8.88	N.A.	14.01	20.58	0.62	0.01	N.A.	100.26	44	41	15	
	Cpx	49.53	1.35	5.64	8.37	N.A.	13.41	20.99	0.68	N.D.	N.A.	99.98	45	40	14	
Dioritic enclave in gabbro
	
	Opx	52.39	0.06	0.74	21.74	0.78	23.66	0.32	0.03	N.D.	N.D.	99.72	1	65	35	
	Opx	53.56	0.19	1.08	22.31	N.A.	22.39	0.57	0.02	0.01	N.A.	100.14	1	63	35	
	Opx	53.13	0.17	1.35	21.82	N.A.	22.63	0.71	0.03	N.D.	N.A.	99.82	1	64	35	
	Opx	53.25	0.16	0.95	21.86	N.A.	22.39	0.60	0.02	0.01	N.A.	99.23	1	64	35	
	Opx	53.00	0.20	1.09	21.78	N.A.	22.57	0.72	0.00	0.01	N.A.	99.37	1	64	35	
	Opx	53.51	0.16	0.91	21.17	N.A.	22.64	0.48	0.03	0.01	N.A.	98.91	1	65	34	
	Opx	53.52	0.13	1.10	21.94	N.A.	22.07	0.49	0.02	0.02	N.A.	99.30	1	64	35	
	Opx	53.49	0.11	0.92	21.76	N.A.	22.73	0.52	N.D.	0.01	N.A.	99.53	1	64	35	
Dioritic enclave in leucogabbro
	
	Opx	51.90	0.28	1.48	22.90	N.A.	21.19	0.75	0.01	0.00	N.A.	98.52	2	61	37	
	Opx	53.23	0.14	0.85	21.97	N.A.	22.06	0.54	0.01	0.00	N.A.	98.79	1	63	35	
	Opx	52.56	0.36	1.60	22.22	N.A.	21.76	0.67	0.04	0.01	N.A.	99.20	1	63	36	
*R.T./S.N. = rock type/sample number.
†N.D. = not detected.
§N.A. = not analyzed.
#Inc. = orthopyroxene inclusion in plagioclase.